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Session 68 - Degenerate Stars, Pulsars.
Display session, Thursday, June 11
Atlas Ballroom,
Quasi-periodic X-ray brightness oscillations (QPOs) with frequencies \sim1 kHz have now been discovered in more than a dozen neutron stars in low-mass X-ray binary systems using the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. There is strong evidence that the frequencies of these oscillations are the orbital frequencies of accreting gas in nearly circular orbits around these stars. Some stars that produce kilohertz QPOs may have spin frequencies greater than 400 Hz. For spin rates this high, first-order analytic treatments of the effects of the star's rotation on its structure and the spacetime are inaccurate. Here we use the results of a large number of fully relativistic, self-consistent numerical calculations of the stellar structure of rapidly rotating neutron stars and the interior and exterior spacetime to investigate the constraints on the properties of such stars that can be derived if stable circular orbits of various frequencies are observed. We have computed the equatorial radius of the star, the radius of the innermost stable circular orbit, and the frequency of the highest-frequency stable circular orbit as functions of the stellar spin rate, for spin rates up to the maximum possible and for several illustrative equations of state. Our calculations show that the constraints on the equation of state of neutron star matter implied by a given orbital frequency can be significantly stricter for stars with spin frequencies greater than 400 Hz than for slowly rotating stars.
