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G. J. Melnick, J. R. Stauffer, M. Ashby, E. Bergin, A. Dalgarno, G. G. Fazio, S. Kleiner, R. Plume, P. Thaddeus, V. Tolls, Z. Wang, Y. Zhang (CfA), N. Erickson, J. Howe, R. Snell (U. Mass., Amherst), P. Goldsmith, M. Harwit (Cornell U.), D. J. Hollenbach, D. G. Koch (NASA Ames ), D. Neufeld (JHU), R. Schieder, G. Winnewisser (U. Cologne), G. Chin (NASA GSFC)
The Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite (SWAS) is a NASA, Small Explorer class mission dedicated to the study of star formation and interstellar chemistry. During its planned 2 year mission lifetime, SWAS will simultaneously survey emission from the H2O 11,0-10,1 (557 GHz), 13CO J = 5-4 (551 GHz), O2 (J,N) = (3,3)-(2,2) (487 GHz), and [CI] 3P1-3P0 (492 GHz) lines in Galactic and extragalactic objects. We also have the capability to tune for the H218O 11,0-10,1 (548 GHz) line. SWAS employs two independent Schottky barrier diode mixers coupled to a 54 \times 68 cm off-axis Cassegrain antenna with an aggregate surface error less than 11\mum (rms). The backend is a 1.4 GHz bandwidth acousto-optical spectrometer which yields a velocity resolution of less than 1 km s-1. Our mission objectives are to detect water and molecular oxygen in dense (nH_2 > 103 cm-3) molecular glouds, or set upper limits to the abundances of these species (3 \times 10-6 for H2O (relative to H2) and 2 \times 10-6 for O2). Comparison with the recent ISO detections of water emission at higher frequencies from shocked molecular gas will allow us to accurately determine the water abundances in these regions. In addition, we will use the large beamsize of SWAS (3.2' \times 4.0' at 551 GHz and 3.6' \times 4.5' at 492 GHz) to obtain large-area (~1o \times 1o) maps of giant and dark clouds in the 13CO and [CI] lines. To achieve these goals, SWAS will orbit at an altitude of 600 km. This altitude places SWAS above the water and oxygen inherent in the Earth's atmosphere and allows us to passively cool the receiver to ~ 170 K. The lack of cryogens awards us the possibility to extend the mission beyond the planned two year lifetime. SWAS is scheduled for launch on December 2nd (1998) aboard a Pegasus XL rocket. The first science data will be received approximately ten days after launch. If all goes according to schedule, we will present exciting new data from the first few days of the SWAS mission.
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