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P. A. Yanamandra-Fisher, G. S. Orton (Jet Propulsion Laboratory), J. Rayner, M. Cushing (Institute for Astronomy/ Univ of Hawaii), P. Drossart (CNRS Observatory of Paris)
Near--infrared (2.3 -5.2 \mum) spectral data cubes of Saturn and its main ring system were acquired at the NASA/Infra Red Telescope Facility (IRTF) with a mid-resolution spectrometer (SpeX), having a resolving power of ~ 1500, on the nights of 15 - 16 October, 2000. The 5-\mum window (4.8 -- 5.2 \mum), provides remote sensing access down to the 2.5-bar level. {\em Yanamandra-Fisher et al.} (Icarus, 150, 2001) indicated that striking spatial variabilty exists across the disk; however, from the low spectral resolution of their data, it is not immediately clear whether the variability arises only from the variability of the optical thickness of a deep cloud layer or whether phosphine (PH3), the primary source of opacity at 5.2 \mum and a diagnostic trace constituent in Saturn's atmosphere, is also variable across the disk. Utilising simultaneous observations of outgoing radiances at 4.8 \mum and 5.2 \mum (the lower and upper end of the 5-mum window), it is possible to separate the contributions of the haze and deeper clouds. Ongoing radiative transfer models highlight the influence of haze {\em vs}. underlying deeper cloud opacity. Preliminary results indicate that: (a) increasing the abundance of PH3 increases its absorption and enhances the reflected component of the outgoing radiance; (b) the influence of the upper cloud on the outgoing radiance is similar, except no increase in PH3 absorption lines is evident; and (c) increasing the opacity of the deeper lower cloud affects the 5.1 -- 5.3-\mum radiance and continuum, but not the reflected component of the outgoing radiance.
This research was carried out in part at Jet Propulsion Laboratory and NASA/IRTF, with support from the NASA Planetary Astronomy and Atmospheres Programs.
The author(s) of this abstract have provided an email address for comments about the abstract: padma@durga.jpl.nasa.gov